Machine Learning-Enabled, Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Analysis
The Lotte-i 4k4k CCD detector from greateyes is supporting cutting-edge research in machine learning-enabled, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis. The published paper is entitled, “Machine learning for accelerated prediction of size distributions of spherical nanoparticles from small-angle X-ray scattering.”
In this recent open-access study, researchers developed a feed-forward neural network (FNN) model to rapidly predict nanoparticle size distributions from SAXS data. This project achieved accurate results while reducing analysis time from minutes to milliseconds.
Using synchrotron SAXS measurements of silica and polystyrene nanoparticles, the study demonstrated excellent agreement with conventional methods, while enabling approximately 1800× faster data processing.
The experiments utilized the greateyes Lotte-i 4k4k CCD detector, providing high-resolution X-ray detection with:
- 4k × 4k pixel format
- Large active area for scattering experiments
- High sensitivity and low-noise performance
- Cryogenic operation for demanding measurements
By combining advanced detectors with AI-driven analysis, researchers are opening new possibilities for real-time, high-throughput nanoscale characterization.
About the LOTTE In-Vacuum Cameras
LOTTE is equipped with greatyes’s most advanced cooling concept and driven by a powerful and versatile electronic platform. LOTTE utilizes scientific-grade back-illuminated CCD sensors for the detection of EUV, VUV and X-ray signals. The spectral bandwidth covers photon energies between 5 eV and 20 keV. The user can also choose from a variety of sensor formats – small to large – with pixel sizes from 13-26 µm.
LOTTE utilizes ultra-deep thermoelectric cooling down to -100 °C and has a massive true 18-bit AD conversion for maximum dynamic range. One very important feature that differentiates LOTTE from its nearest rivals is an innovative encapsulated stainless-steel housing to guarantee an extremely low outgassing. LOTTE is compatible with ultra-high vacuum (UHV) standards. Workable pressures can be as low as 10-10 mbar.
Signals can be detected at very close range in order to cover wide angles of view or far away, as LOTTE can be moved freely within the vacuum chamber as desired. The special design and unprecedented performance make the LOTTE unique and an unrivalled in-vacuum CCD camera for low-light scientific research. Additional handy features are further improving the user experience and adding true value.
In-vacuum camera means that the full camera is operated under (ultra-high) vacuum conditions.
To request more information or a quotation for greateyes products, contact IL Photonics.

